What is it?

The medial collateral ligament, or MCL, is the thickening of the fibrous capsule that surrounds the knee joint. It is located on the inside of the knee and provides stability from side to side movements, which would damage the joint. When subject to strong forces the ligament can tear, leading to pain and instability of the knee. Read more

What is it?

Headaches are a common condition affecting most people at some stage in their life. There are many different types of headache, which are classified using their cause and symptoms.

A cervicogenic headache is one of the most common types and is named this way because the underlying cause of the pain actually originates from the structures of the upper neck. Its symptoms and treatments are quite different from other types of headache, such as tension-type headaches and migraines. The latest scientific evidence suggests that cervicogenic headaches respond well to physiotherapy treatment. Read more

What are they?

The menisci are pads of fibrocartilage that sit in the knee joint between theĀ  joint surfaces of the femur and the tibia. They are semicircular and each knee has two menisci, medial and lateral (inner and outer), which face each other. They are vulnerable to injury like most soft tissues and don’t have very good blood supply. In fact, the inner parts of the menisci are avascular, which means they don’t have any blood supply at all. Read more

What is it?

The muscles that surround the hips have a lot of work to do. They have to keep the pelvis level and control one of the most flexible joints of the body. They are organised in layers , and the deeper muscles are separated from the outer muscles by sheets of connective tissue, to allow easy gliding, as they interact with each other. Read more

It’s common knowledge that ice and heat are quick and easy solutions to reduce pain and help heal an injury. However knowing when to use the two can be confusing. Both ice and heat have pain relieving properties, which means that just using them on a painful area will mask pain temporarily. Furthermore using heat at t he wrong time can actually make an injury worse. Read more

What is it?

The Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint is the joint between the collarbone and the shoulder blade. It is the only bony joint attaching the upper arm to the body and is essential in transferring forces from the arm to the trunk. To keep the joint stable it is reinforced by three thick ligaments: the Acromioclavicular, Coracoclavicular and Coracoacromial ligaments. Read more